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3.6 Sources of information for innovation
Why is it significant?�
Business draws on a much broader range of mechanisms than just licensing and spin-outs to access information from the science and engineering base (SEB). Firms also need to access a wider range of information than just scientific advances. This can include information on potential markets, and on management practices.�

How does the UK perform?
Forty per cent of innovating businesses cite the SEB as a source of information. Larger enterprises are more likely to engage with these specialized external sources of technology, and consequently, the overall employment associated with �technology-networked innovators� is substantial. These businesses account for around 57 per cent of employment in innovation active businesses. Of these, the citation levels for the component SEB sources are shown in table 3.6.1.
A recent study found that joint publishing increased significantly in the UK between the period 1981/85 and 1996/2000 from 2,931 to 8,366 papers (chart 3.6.2).